What is the mechanism of action for Oseltamivir?

Oseltamivir works by inhibiting neuraminidase, an enzyme that is crucial for the replication and spread of the influenza virus. Neuraminidase plays a key role in the viral life cycle by facilitating the release of new viral particles from infected host cells. By targeting this enzyme, oseltamivir prevents the virus from successfully disseminating throughout the respiratory tract, effectively limiting the severity and duration of influenza symptoms.

This mechanism of action is specifically relevant for influenza A and B viruses, which rely on neuraminidase for their pathogenesis. By blocking the action of this enzyme, oseltamivir hampers viral propagation and helps the host's immune system to control the infection more effectively.

The other options describe mechanisms relevant to different antiviral drugs or conditions. For instance, enhancing the interferon response is a strategy used by certain classes of antiviral medications that are not specific to influenza. DNA synthesis inhibition is characteristic of drugs targeting viral DNA, typically used for DNA viruses or retroviruses, while RNA polymerase inhibition is associated with other antiviral agents targeting different pathogens. Therefore, understanding the specific action of oseltamivir as a neuraminidase inhibitor is crucial for its application in treating influenza infections.