What is the first line treatment for Toxoplasmosis?

The first-line treatment for Toxoplasmosis is a combination of Pyrimethamine, Sulfadiazine, and Leucovorin. This particular regimen is effective because Pyrimethamine is an antiparasitic that inhibits folate synthesis and is particularly effective against the Toxoplasma gondii parasite, which causes Toxoplasmosis. Sulfadiazine, a sulfonamide antibiotic, complements the action of Pyrimethamine by providing additional inhibition of folate synthesis. Leucovorin is included in the treatment to mitigate the myelosuppressive effects of Pyrimethamine, ensuring that the patient's bone marrow function remains intact during therapy. This combination is well-established in clinical practice for the treatment of both acute Toxoplasmosis and in immunocompromised patients, such as those with HIV.

The other options address different conditions or viruses and are not related to Toxoplasmosis. For example, Human Rabies Immune Globulin and Rabies Vaccine are used for post-exposure prophylaxis in rabies cases, while Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is an antiviral medication utilized for influenza. Lastly, Ceftriaxone and Carbapenems are classes of antibiotics primarily effective against bacterial infections,